Oil burning stove



Octze, 1937. c. .1. Kesuanv 2,096,812

oIL BURNING sTvE L INVENTOR,

Y wfsmmw ATTORNEYS Oct. 26, 1937. c. J. KEssL-l-:R

OII BURNING'STOVE Filed Nov. e, 193s 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 .w As? H o 2 2 o Q o ou O o m m MM a nw a, n 7

INVENTOR.

Mum/qw ALM' mi@ MM ATTORNEYS Patented Oct. 26, 1937 PATENT' OFFICE 'I OIL BURNING STOYE Charles J. Kessler, Cleveland Heights, Ohio, as-

signor to Perfection Stove Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application November s, 1935, serai No. 48,849

5 claim. (ci. 12e- 45) During a period at the beginning of operation of certain kinds of oil burning stoves, especially cook stoves and ranges wherein tubular burners are employed, the flame gradually increases in 5 size as combustion progresses with the result that a much higher and therefore hotter re ensues than originally intended and actually attained by the initial wick adjustment.

This diillculty arises from an excessive heating l of the burner body, and in some instances of the adjacent part of the oil supply pipe, which causes the oil contained in these parts to become elevated in temperature and therefore more volatile with the consequence that upon reaching the l zone of combustion it vaporizes more readily than at the start of combustion and affects the ame in the manner stated.

Aggressive manufacturers of oil burning stoves of the class referred to, catering to the popular '20 demand for cook stoves and ranges of the modern cabinet type are enclosing the burner compartments, and this construction' aggravates the above mentioned difiiculty.

It is the fundamental purpose of my invention 25 to eliminate this evil of growing res in stoves of the aforesaid class. To this end, I provide a socalled burner plate or baille, having an opening for the accommodation of each burner, and arrange the same horizontally adjacent the top 30 of the burner body so that the major portion of the burner below the zone of combustion is protected from the heat given oil by the parts in and above said zone. This arrangement also results in the oil supply. pipe being kept relatively a5 cool because of the fact that it is located adjacent the bottom of the burner.

While the invention is especially advantageous in oil burning cook stoves or ranges of the enclosed or cabinet type, it has marked utility in '40 connection with the earlier types of stoves and ranges in which the burner compartment is open.

It is found that the invention, which also involves certain improvements in the air control- 45 ling and directing means of burners of the type referred to, overcomes, to a considerable degree at least, iluctuations of the flame due to sudden drafts caused, for example, by the opening or closing of a door in the general locality of the 50 stove, or a gust of wind blowing through the room, or something else happening to create air disturbances or eddies in the vicinity of lthe burner.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein similar 55 reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, Fig. 1 is a frontelevation, with parts broken away, of an oil burning cook stove embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical section substantially on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, the burner being shown in ele- 6 vation; Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional front elevation of the burner and the adjacent part of the burner plate or baille, and Fig.

4 is a similar sectional plan on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3, the parts within the inner wick tube being omitted.

The cook stove herein illustrated is of the enclosed or cabinet type and comprises ends I and 2, a top 3, a back panel 4, a front panel 5, and a door 6, all formed of sheet metal and suitably 16 connected together.

Guides I8, constituted of inwardly facing channel members, are horizontally disposed immediately inside each of the ends I and 2 with their bottom anges slightly below the lower 20 edge of the front panel 5. A burner tray il is slidably supported within the guides I8 for convenient removal in a direction forwardly of the stove to facilitate cleaning, and it is prevented from excessive rearwardA movement when replaced by stops I2 that are struck from the webs of the guides.

The lower edge of the rear panel l is in substantiallyl the horizontal plane of the upper edge of the front panel 5 and extending from one' to 30 the other is the burner plate or baille IE. One endof the plate or baiile joins the stove end 2, while its opposite end, in the present vconstruction, joins a partition I6 that, with the end I, encloses a space for a reservoir il for liquid fuel. The burner plate or baille I5 has an opening I8 for each burner 28, said opening being surrounded by an upstanding collar 2|. According to the present construction, the collar 2i is formed with a flange 22 that is engaged with the 40 underside of the body portion of the burner plate or baille and is secured thereto by suitable means, as by welding.

Surrounding and carried by each burner body 20 a suitable distance below the upper end there- 45 of is an annular seat 25 that supports a correspondingly shaped air controller 26 including inner and outer flanges 21 and 28, respectively, the latter being curled outwardlyat its lower end and tting within the depressed portion of the seat 25. The bottom of the seat 25, inwardly of said ange 28, has a series of large openings 28. only enough metal being left between the openings to form radial spokes 38 of requisite strength. 'I'he flange 28 is also provided with a series of open- 55 ings 3|, the same being arranged with their lower edges in substantially the plane of the upper edge of the seat 25, and immediately above the openings 3i the ilange is reduced in diameter to form a ledge 32 on which a burner drum or chimney 35 rests.

The burner body is of the usual construction comprising inner and outer tubes that are connected together at their lower ends and are spaced apart radially to enclose between them an annular space for 'a cylindrical wick 40 whose upper end operates between the corresponding ends of said tubes. A flame spreader 4I of usual character is suitably supported'within the upper end of the burner body.

Oil from the reservoir i1 is conveyed by a pipel to each of the burners 20, communication between the burner and pipe being effected through a iltting 46, in the common and well known manner. Each burner is thus connected to and supported from the pipe 45 on one side, and on the other by a member 41, usual in burners of this character. Above each burner the top l has an opening fitted with a grid 5I.

Access to the burners for lighting, cleaning and adjusting purposes is had through the door 6 which is shown as connected at its lower edgeby hinges 52 to the upper edge of the front panel 5 and as equipped adjacent its upper or free edge with a handle 53. When the door 6 is open, the drum or chimney 35 of each burner may be tilted rearwardly until its upper end contacts a bracket 55 that is connected to and extends forwardly from the back panel 4, and the air controller 26 and the bottom portion of the drum or chimney 35 are so constructed and related that as the drum or chimney swings rearwardly it imparts a like movement to the air controller, the latter rocking at its rear edge upon the seat 25, as illustrated and described in Chadwick and.' Kessler Patent No. 1,944,492, dated January 23, 1934. 'I'he essential purpose of the previously mentioned collars 2i is to provide clearance for the drums or chimneys 35 when they are tilted rearwardly, in the manner shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2. If the collars were dispensed with, the burner plate or baille I5 would have to be elevated to about the horizontal plane now occupied by the tops of the collars, because this relation between the burners and.' the top sides of the surrounding openings is essential to a proper operation of the apparatus, and with the burner plate or baille so elevated, it would be in the way of the lower, rear parts of the drums or chimneys when the latter are tilted. On the other hand, it has been shown by experiments that to materially lower the burner plate or baille and corespondlngly lengthen the collars (it being remembered that their upper ends have to bear a given relation to the tops of the burners) adversely affects the.

action of the burners. Obviously, a further purpose served by the collars 2i is to impart rigidity to the burner plate or baille in the region of the burner openings and prevent warping or distortion thereof.

When a burner is in operation, air, by thermal action, rises through the opening Il. This air is drawn from the space below the burner plate orv baille which is open at the back. The air, for this reason being fresh and cool, maintains the temperature of the lower portion of the burner body relatively low, although this result is practically assured by the fact that said portion of the burner body is positively shielded from the heat given ofi. by the drum or chimney II and the parts in the region of the zone of combustion. In this connection, it may be explained that by reason of the character of the oil feed employed in this class of stoves, the oil level in the burner bodies is a material distance below the upper ends of the burner tubes wherefore the oil contained within the burner body and that Apresent in the adjacent portion of the feed pipe 4I is kept cool. avoiding the dimculty hereinbefore described of growing fires.

As usual in burner drums or chimneys of the sort shown, the annular bottom wall is provided with a series of air admitting openings 38; and in the construction illustrated, an annular deflector 31 extends inwardly from the peripheral wall of the drum above said openings toward and below the upper end of the air controller 26, this deilector serving to smooth out the Jets of air rising through the openings 36 into a continuous sheet that hugs the air controller and is spread by the flaring upper end thereof toward the wall Y of the drum or chimney adjacent which it rises.

A part of the air that is drawn upwardly through the baille collar 2| enters the bottom of the air controller 28 through the large openings 2l in the seat 25 and this column of air, thus supplied to the air controller, is divided into two parts by the ilange 21, one part passing upwardly through the air controller, while the other part escapes through the openings 3i and enters the drum or chimney 35 through the openings Il. Without the openings Il, the drum is deprived of the requisite amount of air as that rising about the seat 25 is in most part deflected away from said openings by the flared upper end oi' the seat.

With the burner so well protected by the burner plate or baille, in the vital region of its air controlling parts, its action is little if any affected by air disturbances or drafts which cause similar burners not so protected to momentarily nare and smoke, or in the case of a low fire, to got out.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a stove of the class described, a burner body, an air controller surrounding the upper end of the burner body, said controller having a circumferential chimney supporting ledge and a series of openings therebelow, a chimney resting with its lower end upon said ledge, a flange inside the air controller spaced inwardly from the aforesaid openings thereof, said flange serving to deflect a part of the air rising through the air controller inwardly adjacent the top o! the burner and a part outwardly through said openings oi' the air controller, a baille provided with an opening, and an upstanding collar surrounding the opening the internal diameter of which is materially greater than the external diameter of the air controller, the baille being arranged horizontally and the air controller being disposed within the collar with its chimney supporting ledge substantially above the plane of the upper end thereof.

2. In a stove of the class described, an enclosure comprising a top, ends, a rear panel and a front closure, a. burner plate constituting the bottom of said enclosure, said plate having an opening, an upstanding collar surrounding said opening, a burner body arranged with its upper portion within said collar and its top a substantial distance above the corresponding end of the co1- lar, the internal diameter oi' the collar being materially greater than the external diameter of the burner body, and a chimney supported above and in operative relation to the burner body, the top having an opening above said chimney andthe chimney being of considerably greater diameter adjacent its lower end than the burner body and being tiltable with respect to said body.

3. In a stove of the class described, an enclosure comprising a. top, ends, rear panel, and a. front closure, a burner plate constituting the bottom of said enclosure, the same having an opening, an upstanding collar surrounding said opening, a, burner disposed with its upper portion within said collar and its top a substantial distance above the corresponding end of the collar, a seat surrounding the burner body adjacent its upper end and contiguous to the upper end of said collar, the internal diameter of the collar being materially greater than the external diameter of said seat, an air controller on said seat, and a. chimney resting upon the air controlling member and tiltable therewith upon the seat.

4. In a stove ,of the character described, a. horizontally disposed baiiie having an opening, a. burner of considerably lesser diameter than said opening supported independently of, and out of contact with the baille, with its upper end portion in said opening and its top a. substantial distance above the plane of. the bame, and a. chimney independent of the baille and removably supported thereabove by the burner.

5. In a. stove of the character described, a horizontally disposed baille having an opening, an upstanding collar surrounding said opening, a. burner of considerably lesser diameter than the internal ldiameter of said collar supported independently of the baie with its upper end portion disposed within. and out of contact with, the collar while its top is spaced a substantial distance above the top edge of the collar. and a chimney surmounting the burner and tiltable with respect thereto.

'CHARLES J. msnm 

